Key pointers:
- Not all blocked or runny noses are caused by colds.
- Nasal allergies can affect both children and adults, often recurring or lasting longer than viral infections.
- ENTs use clinical assessment, scopes, and allergy tests to diagnose accurately.
- Personalised management may include medication, lifestyle adjustments, or procedures if needed.
Why a Stuffy Nose May Mean More Than a Cold
Most people associate a blocked or runny nose with the common cold. Viral infections do cause these symptoms, but they usually resolve within one to two weeks. If congestion, sneezing, or itchy eyes continue for longer, nasal allergies, also known as allergic rhinitis, may be the underlying cause.
Nasal allergies occur when the immune system reacts strongly to harmless substances such as dust mites, pollen, animal dander, or mould. Unlike a cold, which is temporary, allergies can persist for months or flare up repeatedly depending on the trigger.
Recognising the Signs in Children and Adults
In children, nasal allergies may appear as:
- Constant runny or blocked nose
- Frequent sneezing, especially in the morning
- Mouth breathing and snoring at night
- Dark circles under the eyes (“allergic shiners”)
- Reduced focus in school due to poor sleep or discomfort
Because young children may not describe their symptoms clearly, parents sometimes mistake these signs for repeated colds.
In adults, nasal allergies may show as:
- Stuffy nose that lingers beyond seasonal flu outbreaks
- Itchy nose, throat, or eyes
- Recurrent sinus pressure or headaches
- Tiredness from disturbed sleep
Adults may also notice their symptoms worsening in specific environments, such as air-conditioned offices or during haze periods.
How ENTs Assess Nasal Allergies
ENT specialists look beyond surface symptoms to confirm whether allergies are the cause. This process may include:
- Detailed consultation: Discussing the frequency, duration, and patterns of nasal symptoms.
- Physical examination: Using a nasal speculum or slim videoscope to view the nasal passages and look for swelling or polyps.
- Allergy testing: Blood tests or skin prick tests may be recommended to identify specific triggers.
- Imaging: In some cases, scans help assess whether chronic sinusitis or structural issues are contributing factors.
This careful assessment helps distinguish allergies from recurrent infections, sinus disease, or other nasal problems.
Personalised Treatment Options
Management plans for nasal allergies are tailored to each patient’s age, triggers, and severity of symptoms.
- Medication: Antihistamines, nasal sprays, or decongestants may be prescribed for relief.
- Allergen avoidance: Simple steps, such as using dust mite covers, frequent cleaning, or limiting outdoor activity during haze or high pollen counts, can reduce flare-ups.
- Immunotherapy: In selected cases, desensitisation therapy may be considered to reduce long-term sensitivity.
- Procedures: If nasal obstruction is due to enlarged adenoids, turbinates, or polyps, minor procedures may be advised.
Importantly, ENTs often prefer non-surgical approaches first, and surgery is only considered if symptoms remain severe despite medical treatment.
Why Early Diagnosis Matters
Leaving nasal allergies untreated can affect quality of life. In children, poor sleep from nasal blockage may affect growth, school performance, or even speech development. In adults, chronic congestion can contribute to fatigue, recurrent sinus infections, and reduced productivity at work.
Timely evaluation by an ENT ensures that patients receive a clear diagnosis and management plan that addresses their specific needs.
Supporting Families Across All Ages
Nasal allergies often run in families, so it is not unusual for both parents and children to experience similar symptoms. An ENT clinic that manages both adult and paediatric conditions provides continuity of care, helping families identify triggers, learn self-care strategies, and receive treatment when symptoms interfere with daily life.
When to Seek Help
You may wish to consult an ENT specialist if:
- Your “cold” symptoms last more than two weeks.
- A child constantly breathes through the mouth or snores at night.
- Medication from the pharmacy provides only short-term relief.
- Symptoms affect sleep, school, or work performance.
Takeaway
Not every stuffy nose is caused by a cold. When nasal symptoms persist or keep coming back, allergies may be to blame. With proper assessment through consultation, scopes, and allergy testing, ENT specialists can help both children and adults find lasting relief through personalised management.
Get Personalised ENT Care for the Whole Family
Whether you or your child are experiencing persistent nasal symptoms, Dr Soon Sue Rene at Adult & Child ENT Specialists provides comprehensive assessment and care for a wide range of ENT conditions. Schedule a consultation to better understand the cause of your symptoms and explore appropriate treatment options.
